POINT DE PRESSE DU SERVICE DE L'INFORMATION (en anglais)

Alessandra Vellucci, Director of the United Nations Information Service in Geneva, chaired the briefing, which was attended by spokespersons for the Office of the United Nations High Commissioner for Human Rights, the United Nations Refugee Agency, the United Nations Children’s Fund, the World Food Programme, the World Health Organization and the United Nations Economic Commission for Europe.

Activities of the Secretary-General of the United Nations in Geneva

Alessandra Vellucci, for the United Nations Information Service in Geneva, said that the Secretary-General of the United Nations was currently in Geneva for the meeting of the Chief Executive Board. During the session of the previous day, heads of United Nations entities had appealed to Member States to “step up ambition and take concrete action to limit global temperature increases to 1.5°C above pre-industrial levels and adapt to the effects of climate change”. They had also urged leaders to come to the Climate Action Summit in September “with concrete, realistic plans to enhance their nationally determined contributions by 2020”. For their part, the heads of United Nations Agencies were “committed to strengthening responsiveness to Member States’ needs in order to reduce the adverse impacts of climate change”. At the Climate Action Summit, they would present their “system-wide efforts towards reaching climate neutrality in internal operations by 2020 and enhancing environmental and social sustainability in all United Nations activities”.

Ms. Vellucci added that the previous day, the Secretary-General had announced a new class of Sustainable Development Goals Advocates. The Advocates were 17 influential public figures committed to raising awareness, inspiring greater ambition, and pushing for faster action on the Sustainable Development Goals for peace, prosperity, people, planet, and partnerships. The six new advocates were: The Emir of Kano, Nigeria; Hindou Ibrahim of Chad; Dia Mirza of India; Edward Ndopu of South Africa; Nadia Murad of Iraq; and Marta Vieira da Silva of Brazil. The Secretary-General said that he was looking forward to working with the group over coming years to advance the SDGs.

Ms. Vellucci said that, later that day, the United Nations Secretary-General would also be addressing a special session of the WTO General Council. Journalists could enter the meeting room and remain there until the Chair of the Council called the meeting to order, at which point they would be invited to leave. Exceptionally, the statement of the Secretary-General and the welcome speeches by the WTO Director-General and the Chair of the General Council would be webcast live via webtv.un.org.

Ms. Vellucci explained that the Secretary-General would be leaving Geneva that evening for a visit to the South Pacific, where he would highlight the issue of climate change in view of the forthcoming Climate Action Summit in New York. His trip would take him to Fiji, Tuvalu, Vanuatu and New Zealand.

Responding to a request from a journalist, Ms. Vellucci said that, although the heads of the various United Nations agencies who were in Geneva for the Chief Executive Board meeting, and their spokespersons, had not held a press conference, many of them had made themselves available at a bilateral level.

Killing of human rights defenders in Colombia

Rupert Colville, for the Office of the High Commissioner for Human Rights (OHCHR), read the following statement:

“We are alarmed by the strikingly high number of human rights defenders being killed, harassed and threatened in Colombia, and by the fact that this terrible trend seems to be worsening. We call on the authorities to make a significant effort to confront the pattern of harassment and attacks aimed at civil society representatives and to take all necessary measures to tackle the endemic impunity around such cases.

In just the first four months of this year, a total of 51 alleged killings of human rights defenders and activists have been reported by civil society actors and State institutions, as well as the national human rights institution. The UN Human Rights Office in Colombia is closely following up on these allegations. This staggering number continues a negative trend that intensified during 2018, when our staff documented the killings of 115 human rights defenders.

The violations are occurring against a backdrop of stigmatization of rights defenders, especially those living in rural areas. These regions are characterised by a lack of adequate basic social services, high levels of poverty, the existence of illegal crops, the presence of unlawful armed groups and criminal groups. There is an urgent need to address disparities in the enjoyment of all rights, particularly economic, social and cultural rights and especially in rural areas.

A wide range of activists have been targeted. They include community leaders, Afro-Colombians, indigenous people, environmentalists, peasants, journalists, LGBTI, and women’s rights defenders, some involved in local politics. Community leaders are particularly vulnerable and account for more than 70 per cent of all recorded killings. Some of them were apparently targeted because they have been supporting the implementation of certain aspects of the Colombian peace agreement, including land restitution, victims’ rights and the illicit crop substitution programme.

The most recent attack happened on 4 May, when 20 Afro-Colombian human rights defenders – including the well-known, award-winning environmentalist and women’s rights defender, Francia Márquez – were attacked with grenades and firearms near Santander del Quilichao, in the department of Cauca. Fortunately, no one was killed, although two security officers provided by the National Protection Unit for the protection of the group, were injured. In January alone, three assaults against women leaders that defend victims’ rights were recorded. In the case of human rights defender and land claimant, Maritza Quiroz Leiva, the attack was fatal.

In March, widespread demonstrations, locally known as “Minga”, were held in the departments of Cauca, Valle del Cauca, Putumayo and Huila. Indigenous people, Afro-Colombians and peasants held mass protests to complain about longstanding grievances related to land rights, delays in implementing the peace accord, and the continued violence endured by civil society activists. Following the demonstrations, pamphlets containing death threats against prominent indigenous leaders and human rights defenders were distributed.

We are worried that, with the approach of local elections in October, the number of violent attacks may increase even further.

We acknowledge the steps taken so far by the State to improve the protection of human rights defenders, as evinced by the presence of two security officers at the incident of 4 May. We take note of the very recent creation of specialized judges, as recently announced by President Duque.

Nevertheless, we call on the authorities to redouble their efforts to expand and strengthen efforts to safeguard a free and secure environment for civic engagement. Despite some positive actions by the Office of the Attorney-General, we urge the State to make sure all killings, attacks and threats are properly investigated and the perpetrators – including those directing them, as well as those carrying them out – are brought to justice.”

Answering questions posed by a journalist, Mr. Colville said that the statistics he had were not disaggregated by the specific issues on which the victims had been active. Moreover, many of them had been active on more than one issue. Nonetheless, the figures did reveal a worrying increase in the number of human rights activists being killed, from 41 in 2015 to 61 in 2016, 84 in 2017, 115 in 2018 and 51 in just the first four months of 2019. Undoubtedly, some of the violence had links to business interests – including both legal and illicit operations in sectors such as agriculture and mining – that risked being jeopardized by activities in support of human rights.

Detention of civilians in Myanmar

Rupert Colville, for the Office of the High Commissioner for Human Rights (OHCHR), read the following statement:

“We are deeply concerned about possibly 40 to 50 ethnic Rakhine boys and men who reportedly remain detained since 30 April in a school in Kyauk Tan village, Rathedaung township in northern Rakhine State, where six detainees were killed on 2 May by the Myanmar Army.

The Office of the Commander-in-Chief in Myanmar reported on 2 May that the Army (the Tatmadaw) had opened fire on 275 men and boys who were temporarily detained in a village school, killing six and wounding eight. According to the Tatmadaw, soldiers opened fire when the group tried to seize their guns, but other sources dispute this account. They say that the Tatmadaw opened fire indiscriminately after one of the detainees tried to escape. The army says it has launched an investigation into the incident. After the shooting, the bodies of the six men were reportedly laid out in full view of the village which, as of yesterday, remained surrounded by military and was said to be running out of food.

The men and boys are believed to have been detained following attacks by an armed group, the Arakan Army, on two Tatmadaw bases on 9 April. According to information received by the UN Human Rights Office, the Tatmadaw surrounded Kyauk Tan village on 30 April, and called on all males over 15 years of age to report to the local school. Those over the age of 60 were released, while the others were reportedly mistreated and detained, including sleep deprivation and the denial of food. Since 2 May, most of the boys and men have been released in groups, apparently after being interrogated. However, up to 50 remain in incommunicado detention without access to lawyers, doctors or any other form of protection. They are reliant on family members for food.

While the imposition of severe restrictions on access by media, and many international actors, to conflict areas in Rakhine makes independent verification extremely challenging, reports suggest that six men confessed to having links with the Arakan Army and were blindfolded and taken on Tuesday night to a navy vessel.

This is not an isolated incident. On 22 April, three ethnic Rakhine men who were among 27 arrested in Mrauk-U, also following the 9 April Arakan Army attack, were shot dead in detention. The authorities have refuted allegations that they were shot but the bodies were cremated shortly after their deaths and before their families were notified.

We are deeply concerned about the extrajudicial executions, arbitrary and incommunicado detention, mistreatment, protracted use of a school for military purposes, and what appears to be punishment of a large group of villagers for the violent acts perpetrated by an armed group. We are also concerned at the announcement that the episode will be investigated by the military. OHCHR has repeatedly observed that investigations by the Tatmadaw serve only to whitewash their alleged crimes. We echo calls for a credible, impartial and independent investigation into the incident in Kyauktan, which should be investigated along with the incident in Mrauk-U.

The ongoing conflict between the Tatmadaw and the Arakan Army in Rakhine State has continued to escalate in recent weeks, and we call on the government to respect international human rights law, and on all parties to the conflict to respect international humanitarian law.

We also call on the Government to immediately grant humanitarian access to all conflict zones, including in northern Rakhine State where restrictions on humanitarian access is exacerbating the suffering of civilians. Continued human rights violations, collective punishment and impunity will only fuel the conflict between the Tatmadaw and the Arakan Army. Peace is grounded in justice and without it no progress can be made.”

Refugees and asylum seekers in Sri Lanka

Babar Baloch, for the United Nations Refugee Agency (UNHCR), read the following statement:

“Almost three weeks on from the devastating Easter Sunday attacks in Sri Lanka, UNHCR, the UN Refugee Agency remains extremely concerned both at the impact this has had on Sri Lankans themselves and by the continuing situation for more than a thousand refugees and asylum seekers who fled their homes in the attacks aftermath.

UNHCR is working closely with the government, UN and other partners, and local communities to ensure all refugees and asylum-seekers are safe and looked after. We are actively assisting the displaced refugee population while discussions are ongoing with the authorities to identify alternative accommodation until refugees are able to return to their previous residences. We have deployed additional staff to support the government’s efforts.

Currently, 1,060 refugees and asylum seekers, including women and children, are staying in local mosques, police stations and community centres, having sought refuge for fear of possible reprisals and threats. Many fled persecution in their home countries due to their religious or political beliefs.

UNHCR is providing food, medicine, and shelter materials, while conducting assessments of additional needs. The authorities and local groups have been supportive and helpful, but these sites are not meant to accommodate large numbers of people over time. Families with small children are living without proper shelter, sanitation and access to health care. Quick responses are needed.

Currently, there are nearly 1,700 registered refugees and asylum seekers in Sri Lanka. Hundreds still live peacefully in their local communities. Sri Lanka has long offered protection to refugees of diverse religions and nationalities, and UNHCR stands in support of the Government and people of Sri Lanka in these trying times.”

Rescue of persons fleeing Libya by sea

Asked by a journalist why UNHCR did not itself charter a vessel to assist in efforts to rescue persons fleeing Libya by sea, Babar Baloch, for the United Nations Refugee Agency (UNHCR), said that UNHCR was chiefly concerned about saving people’s lives but it was not able to act in lieu of States. The Agency had repeatedly expressed its concern about the numbers of people who died attempting to pass from Libya to Europe. The latest figures showed that one person in three of those who attempted the crossing lost their life. UNHCR had also expressed repeated concern about the situation in Libya – which was such that it was not safe to return refugees there – and about the fact that there were no longer any NGO rescue vessels operating in those waters. It was up to States, that had responsibilities under international law and maritime law, to build up their search-and-rescue capacities and to intervene to save lives.

Nearly 900 children released from armed group in north-east Nigeria

Christophe Boulierac, for the United Nations Children’s Fund (UNICEF), read the following statement:

“A total of 894 children, including 106 girls, were released from the ranks of an armed group called the Civilian Joint Task Force (CJTF) in Maiduguri, north-east Nigeria today, as part of the group’s commitment to end and prevent the recruitment and use of children.

CJTF is a local militia that helps the Nigerian security forces in the fight against insurgency in north-east Nigeria. It was formed in 2013, with the aim of protecting communities from attack. In 2016, CJTF was listed for the recruitment and use of children in the annexes of the Secretary-General’s Annual Report on Children and Armed Conflict.

In September 2017, CJTF signed an action plan committing it to put measures in place to end and prevent the recruitment and use of children. By November 2018, 833 children had been formally separated from the group. With the 894 children released today, 1,727 children and young people have now been released. Since the signature of the action plan, there has been no new recruitment of children by CJTF.

The United Nations Country Task Force on Monitoring and Reporting on Grave Child Rights Violations (CTFMR) has yet to verify and formally separate around 2,000 children still in the ranks of CJTF in Borno State.

The children and young people released today will benefit from reintegration programmes to help them return to civilian life, seize new opportunities for their own development. Without this support, many of the children released from armed groups struggle to fit into civilian life, as most are not educated and have no vocational skills.

UNICEF continues to work closely with State authorities and partners to support the implementation of reintegration programmes for all children released from armed groups, as well as others affected by the ongoing conflict. The gender and age-appropriate community-based reintegration support interventions include an initial assessment of their well-being, psychosocial support, education, vocational training, informal apprenticeships, and opportunities to improve livelihoods.

At least 9,800 people formerly associated with armed groups, as well as vulnerable children in communities, have accessed such services between 2017 and 2018.

Children are extremely vulnerable in the conflict in north-east Nigeria. Their protection and needs must remain the highest priority for the humanitarian and security response. UNICEF urges CJTF to continue the full implementation of the action plan in order to end and prevent the recruitment and use of children once and for all.

UNICEF calls for an end to all six grave violations against children and the use of children in armed conflicts by all parties to the conflict in north-east Nigeria.”

Statement on forthcoming visit of WFP Executive Director to Seoul

Hervé Verhoosel, for the World Food Programme (WFP), read the following statement:

“WFP Executive Director David Beasley will be visiting Seoul, Republic of Korea, on 13-14 May to participate in the third Global ODA Forum for Sustainable Agricultural Development hosted by the Ministry of Agriculture, Food and Rural Affairs.

Mr. Beasley will also meet partners and correspondents from the Government of the Republic of Korea, including the Minister of Foreign Affairs, Kang Kyung-wha, and the Minister of Reunification.

The Minister of Foreign Affairs has already communicated to the national media that she would like to speak about the food insecurity situation in the Democratic People's Republic of Korea and other topics.

Following his visit to the Republic of Korea, Mr. Beasley will travel to the Lao People’s Democratic Republic with the Director General of the United Nations Food and Agriculture Organization.”

In response to a question from a journalist about whether Mr. Beasley also intended to visit the Democratic People's Republic of Korea, Mr. Verhoosel explained that the WFP Executive Director had visited that country the previous year. The schedule of his current trip to the Republic of Korea and the Lao People’s Democratic Republic had been planned months previously and could not be altered.

Statement on the Red Sea Mills in Yemen

Hervé Verhoosel, for the World Food Programme (WFP), read the following statement:

“The Red Sea Mills near the Yemeni port city of Hodeidah were hit by gunfire on the morning of Thursday 9 May. All workers at the site are accounted for and no one was injured. We are confirming if any wheat was damaged. The area is now calm and work has resumed at the Mills.

Any damage to humanitarian food stocks, whether deliberately targeted or as collateral damage, is unacceptable when millions in Yemen continue to suffer from crippling shortages of food.”

Statement on Syria

Hervé Verhoosel, for the World Food Programme (WFP), read the following statement:

“WFP and partners continue to respond with ready-to-eat food rations and hot meals where the security situation allows. However, in areas where infrastructure has been affected by violence, partners’ staff have been displaced themselves and the infrastructure to deliver services was damaged or destroyed.

For example, distributions of monthly rations in southern Idlib, for about 50,000 people are currently suspended due to insecurity.

Should the situation in the north-west deteriorate further, WFP stands ready to respond with strategic stocks of food rations as well as nutrition supplies prepositioned inside Idlib governorate, in hubs inside Syria, as well as in Turkey.

WFP and the United Nations continue to call on all parties to the conflict to protect civilians at all costs, and to respect their obligations under international humanitarian law and international human rights law.

The United Nations, including WFP, calls on all parties to the conflict to de-escalate and recommit to the ceasefire arrangement signed between Turkey and the Russian Federation in September 2018.”

In response to a question from a journalist, Mr. Verhoosel said that the suspension of distributions of monthly rations had begun two days previously.

Answering a further question, Mr. Verhoosel said that more than 150,000 persons had been displaced in Idlib during the previous week. They had dispersed elsewhere in Idlib governorate and towards Aleppo. Babar Baloch, for the United Nations Refugee Agency (UNHCR), said that, according to his information, more than 152,000 civilians had been displaced along the de-escalation zone, including 2,000 who were in areas controlled by the Government. In addition, a few families had fled to areas under the control of Turkey.

Alessandra Vellucci, for the United Nations Information Service in Geneva, said that, later that day, the Security Council would be briefed in closed session on the situation in Idlib by Reena Ghelani, Director of Operations and Advocacy of the Office for the Coordination of Humanitarian Affairs (OCHA).

Responding to a question from a journalist, Fadela Chaib, for the World Health Organization (WHO), said that the WHO Regional Office for the Eastern Mediterranean had recently released a statement concerning attacks against health facilities in Syria. She did not know if the WHO Director-General had raised the matter at the meeting of the Chief Executive Board of the United Nations, but she was aware that he was following the situation in Syria very closely.

UNICEF engagement to the Global Platform on Disaster Risk Reduction

Christophe Boulierac, for the United Nations Children’s Fund (UNICEF), said that UNICEF would be engaged during the Global Platform on Disaster Risk Reduction, which was due to take place from to 13-17 May in Geneva. There could be no doubt that children were among the most vulnerable to hazards: they were affected by disasters in myriad ways and faced a range of conflict, disaster and climate related risks. What was less recognized was that children had an important role to play in reducing risk. Girls and boys had proven capable of mapping the hazards they faced, identifying people most at risk and advocating for change. They could play an even more significant role where they were part of national and community plans and processes.

UNICEF was therefore supporting the participation of a young Indonesian to this Global Platform. Her name was Ferina and she was 22. As a facilitator, she had successfully supported Indonesian adolescents to become positive change agents in their village. For example, she had found solutions for the adolescents of her village, who had to walk two hours during the dry season to reach available water sources, which meant that they had to skip school. Ferina had also supported the emergency response in the tsunami and earthquake affected area of Palu, Central Sulawesi, conducting psychosocial support activities for children and adolescents in disaster affected areas.

Ferina would be available for interviews with journalists who so wished. In addition, experts from Panama and India would be on hand to discuss topics such as cyclone risk reduction.

WHO press conferences next week

Fadela Chaib, for the World Health Organization (WHO), said that, at 3 p.m. on Monday 13 May, WHO would be holding a virtual press conference on the subject of low birth weight. The conference would serve to present the first ever estimate undertaken of low birth weights, which had been conducted by WHO, UNICEF and the London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine. More than 80 per cent of the 2.5 million newborn children who died each year had low birth weights. Low-birth-weight babies who survived were at increased risk of stunting, diabetes and cardiovascular disease. Nearly 75 per cent of low-birth-weight babies were born in Southern Asia and sub-Saharan Africa, the problem was also present in high-income European countries in Europe, North America and elsewhere.

From her contacts with the Association of Accredited Correspondents at the United Nations (ACANU), she understood that journalists would be interested in a pre-briefing before the forthcoming World Health Assembly. That would now take place at 5 p.m. on Monday 13 May in Press Room I. The speakers would be Jane Ellison, WHO Executive Director for External Relations and Governance, and Tim Armstrong, Director of WHO Governing Bodies.

At a press conference to be held at 2.00 p.m. on Tuesday 14 May in Press Room 1, WHO would present its first guidelines on risk reduction of cognitive decline and dementia. Currently, there was no cure for dementia; however, much could be done to delay or slow the onset or progression of the disease. The WHO Guidelines included recommendations on healthy behaviours to reduce the risk of dementia. An embargoed copy of the Guidelines was available on request.

The full World Health Statistic Report 2019, a short version of which had been released on 4 April, was now available and she would send it to journalists who so wished.

Responding to a question from a journalist about the possibility of contacting the head of WHO operations inside Venezuela, Ms. Chaib said that she would do everything possible to facilitate contacts with persons who had first-hand information about the situation on the ground in that country. In addition, during the World Health Assembly, a spokesperson for the Pan-American Health Organization would be available and she would try to arrange a press conference.

UNECE initiative on Gender Responsive Standards

Jean Rodriguez, for the United Nations Economic Commission for Europe (UNECE), said that on Tuesday 14 May UNECE and some 50 standards bodies would sign a declaration on gender responsive standards. The event would take place from 11 a.m. to 1 p.m. in Room XIV. By signing the declaration, the standards bodies would pledge to create and implement gender action plans. The initiative aimed to strengthen the use of standards and technical regulations as powerful tools to attain SDG 5 (Achieve Gender Equality and Empower all Women and Girls). The purpose was to integrate a gender lens in the development of both standards and technical regulations worldwide, as well as to elaborate gender indicators and criteria that could be used in future standards development. Partners would also commit to tracking progress, collecting and disseminating relevant data, success stories and good practice.

Signatories would include international standards bodies (ISO, ITU, the International Electrotechnical Commission and the American Society for Testing and Materials), regional standards bodies (covering Africa, Europe and South Asia), and national standards bodies from all world regions (including among others China, India, Thailand, Canada, the United Kingdom, Spain, Mexico, Senegal and Morocco).

The initiative had been developed by UNECE under the framework of its Working Party on Regulatory Cooperation and Standardization Policies (WP.6). One example of the activities of UNECE to advance women’s economic empowerment was a UN/CEFACT initiative to identify barriers and approaches to increasing women’s participation in trade facilitation, aiming to strengthen the gender-responsiveness of standards and recommendations in international trade and electronic business processes.

The signing ceremony would feature the launch of a study reviewing the status of gender responsiveness in standards organizations, and providing recommendations for further action.

Geneva announcements

Alessandra Vellucci, for the United Nations Information Service in Geneva, said that, following discussion with ACANU, the press conference of UNOG Director-General Michael Møller, had been postponed. The new date would be announced as soon as possible.

Speaking on behalf of Rolando Gomez, for the Human Rights Council, Ms. Vellucci said that the Working Group on the Universal Periodic Review was currently holding its thirty-third session, which would last until 17 May. That morning, the Working Group would be turning its attention to the situation in Brunei Darussalam, while in the afternoon it would adopt its reports on Norway, Albania, the Democratic Republic of the Congo, Côte d’Ivoire and Bhutan.

Ms. Vellucci said that, on Monday 13 May, the Committee on the Rights of the Child would be opening its eighty-first session (13-31 May) in Palais Wilson during which it would review reports from Tonga, Malta, Singapore, Côte d’Ivoire, Cabo Verde and Botswana on their implementation of the Convention on the Rights of the Child, and the report of Sri Lanka on its implementation of the Optional Protocol on the sale of children.

Lastly, Ms. Vellucci said that, the following week, the Conference on Disarmament would begin the second part (13 May–28 June) of its 2019 session. CD, which was still under the presidency of the United States, would hold a public plenary meeting at 10 a.m. on Tuesday 14 May. From 27 May, the presidency of the Conference would pass to Venezuela, then to Viet Nam and lastly to Zimbabwe.

Responding to a question about the Executive Director the Joint United Nations Programme on HIV/AIDS (UNAIDS), Ms. Vellucci said that an interim Executive Director had been appointed and a statement on the departure of the former Executive Director had been posted on the agency’s website. The spokespersons of UNAIDS could be contacted by telephone for further information.

Press conferences

Friday 10 May at 1.30 p.m. in Room III

Secretariat of the Basel, Rotterdam, and Stockholm Conventions (UNEP) / FAO

Clean Planet, Healthy People: Main Outcomes of the meetings of the conferences of the Parties to the Basel, Rotterdam and Stockholm conventions, 29 April-10 May. Presentation of actual decisions.

Speakers:
• Rolph Payet, Executive Secretary (UNEP), Basel, Rotterdam & Stockholm Conventions
• Hans Dreyer, Executive Secretary (FAO), Rotterdam Convention
• Paul Rose, Explorer and Broadcaster
Please note that this will be webcast live on webtv.un.org. (The live stream may not be accessible on all mobile devices.)

Monday 13 May at 9.00 a.m. in Press Room I

United Nations Relief and Works Agency for Palestine Refugees in the Near East (UNRWA)

UNRWA’s work and emergency operations, in the face of 2019 political and financial challenges

Speakers:
• Matthias Schmale, Director of UNRWA Operations, Gaza
• Gwyn Lewis, Director of UNRWA Operations, West Bank

Wednesday 15 May at 11.00 a.m. in Press Room I

UNCTAD

State of Commodity Dependence Report 2019 (embargoed until 15 May 2019 at 9.00 p.m. GMT)

Speakers:
• Alexandra Laurent, Statistics Assistant, Division on International Trade in Goods and Services, and Commodities, UNCTAD
• Rodrigo Carcamo, Economic Affairs Officer, Commodity Research and Analysis Section, Division on International Trade, UNCTAD