Eight billion people, one humanity; Development milestone ‘testament’ to power of health and science
Next week, the world’s population is due to reach eight billion, which the UN chief is describing as “a testament to scientific breakthroughs and improvements in nutrition, public health and sanitation”.
“But as our human family grows larger, it is also growing more divided”, warned Secretary-General António Guterres in an editorial penned ahead of the milestone moment, citing billions struggling, hundreds of millions facing hunger, and record numbers fleeing home for relief from debt, hardship, wars and climate disasters.
“Unless we bridge the yawning chasm between the global haves and have-nots, we are setting ourselves up for an 8-billion-strong world filled with tensions and mistrust, crisis and conflict”.
Turbocharging inequalities
He noted that just a handful of billionaires control as much wealth as the poorest half of the world while the top one per cent pocket one-fifth of the world’s income.
Citizens of the richest countries can expect to live up to 30 years longer than those in the poorest.
Turning to the accelerating climate crisis and unequal COVID recovery, Mr. Guterres observed that “as the world has grown richer and healthier in recent decades, these inequalities have grown too”.
“We are heading straight for climate catastrophe, while emissions and temperatures continue to rise. Floods, storms and droughts are devastating countries that contributed almost nothing to global heating”.
Meanwhile, from nuclear disarmament to terrorism and global health, delays and deadlock on a host of issues is triggering “anger and resentment against developed countries” to a breaking point, Mr. Guterres cautioned.
“We must curb these damaging trends, repair relationships and find joint solutions to our common challenges”.
Stem ‘runaway inequality’
Reminding that “runaway inequality is a choice”, the UN chief put the onus on developed countries to use the ongoing UN COP27 climate conference in Egypt and the G20 summit in Bali next Tuesday, to make a switch.
“I hope COP27 will see a historic Climate Solidarity Pact under which developed and emerging economies unite around a common strategy and combine their capacities and resources for the benefit of humankind”, he said.
Mr. Guterres said “our only hope” lies in wealthier countries providing key emerging economies with financial and technical support to transition away from fossil fuels.
He also urged leaders to agree on a roadmap and institutional framework to compensate countries in the Global South for climate-related loss and damage that are already causing enormous suffering.
And he maintained that a stimulus package can be adopted during the G20 meeting to provide those governments with debt relief and restructuring.
Population growth facts
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It took the global population 12 years to grow from 7 to 8 billion, but will reach 9 billion in about 15 years, in 2037.
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As countries with the highest fertility levels tend have lowest income per capita, global population growth has become concentrated in the world’s poorest countries.
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Population growth magnifies the environmental impact of economic development, with rising per capita incomes driving unsustainable production and consumption.
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Slower population growth over decades could help mitigate environmental damage in the second half of the current century.
Food insecurity
Meanwhile the Ukraine war continues to fuel ongoing food, energy and finance crises, hitting developing economies hardest as the Global South faces huge debts, increasing poverty and hunger, and the growing impacts of the climate crisis.
He sees the UN-brokered Black Sea Grain Initiative as an essential way of mitigating the global food crisis, easing hunger and saving lives, “ease hunger and saving lives.
Opportunity knocks
Amidst the challenges, “our eight-billion-strong world could yield
enormous opportunities for some of the poorest countries, where population growth is highest”, he said.
With relatively small investments in healthcare, education, gender equality and sustainable economic development, today’s poorest countries could become engines of sustainable, green growth and prosperity, he argues.
“This month’s big global meetups must be an opportunity to start bridging divides and restoring trust, based on the equal rights and freedoms of every single member of humanity’s eight-billion-strong family”.
Eight-billion strong
At the same time, the UN Population Fund’s (UNFPA) #8BillionStrong campaign marks the milestone by sharing educational material on eight trends for a world of eight billion people.
These involve slowing growth, fewer children, longer lives, people on the move, ageing populations, women outliving men, two pandemics and shifting centres.
The UN agency pointed out that as region are growing at different rates, the geographical distribution of the global population is shifting.
As of this year, over half the world’s people live in Asia, with India and China making up most of the population in eastern and southeastern Asia – home to 2.3 billion people.
